feat: Support Bazel platform mappings

[aran]

This change introduces an artifact-level setting for configuring Bazel and
defines a platform mapping from Skaffold platforms to Bazel platforms.
The Bazel artifact builder then passes the --platforms flag to Bazel if applicable.

Fixes #9360.

[aran]

Looking for some feedback on whether I should drop this change, continue with some modifications to the approach, or continue as-is. Let me know! Thanks.

[aran]

@renzodavid9 This is the PR we discussed in the Skaffold office hours call at end of Feb. Would be great to get your feedback if you have a chance. Thanks!

[renzodavid9]

Hey @aran,

I'll get familiar with the Bazel platforms to understand more about how they work. Also I'll check if we need to do changes in other parts of Skaffold in order to fully support this. Thanks!

[aran]

If this looks ok from an API and rough approach standpoint, I can look into details, tests, compliance with Skaffold project standards, etc.

One open edge case question would be how to handle if someone passes --platforms to BazelArtifact BuildArgs as well as PlatformMappings.

Another one would be whether include any special handling for hierarchical skaffold platforms like 'linux/arm64/v8'.

Let me know, thanks!

[aran]

@renzodavid9 I updated the PR title and top-level comment to meet project guidelines. This is now ready for review.

• Changes to the configuration are documented to spec.
• Generated code is checked in.
• Added unit test.
• Updated examples/bazel and its duplicate in integration/examples/bazel. These I tested manually.
• Filed an issue which this closes for project tracking.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 63.21%. Comparing base (290280e) to head (03f8acc).
Report is 1130 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #9300      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   70.48%   63.21%   -7.28%     
==========================================
  Files         515      642     +127     
  Lines       23150    32989    +9839     
==========================================
+ Hits        16317    20853    +4536     
- Misses       5776    10527    +4751     
- Partials     1057     1609     +552     

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.